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Post by Thoithoi O'Cottage on Aug 31, 2015 2:46:19 GMT 5.5
Consider the negative formation in the following sentences: 1a. Ahal asi lairik mayek chatte. /əhəl ǝəsi lairi:k məyek ʈʃəte/ 1b. Mahak lairik adu lamai amatta kandana pai. /məhak lairi:k ədu ləmai ǝəmətə kandənə pai:/
2a. Nanggi naral keisu matloi. /nəŋgi nərəl kəisu mətloi/ 2b. Nanggi naral keisu matpiroi. /nəŋgi nərəl kəisu mətpiroi/
3a. Waganu, nanggi pot keisu mangngoi. /wagənu, nəŋgi pot kəisu maŋloi/ 3b. Mei sima mutthatsi, eisu mamloi. /məi siməǝ muθətsi, kəisu məmloi/ /t/ and /d/ in the first pair of sentences are the most basic forms of negative phonemes in Manipuri. /t/ is suffixed to verbs or adjectives ending with voiceless sounds--/p, t, k, k h, s/ in simple tenses while /d/ is suffixed to verbs or adjectives ending with voiced sounds in the simple tenses. This phonological rule does not allow /t/ following voiced sounds and /d/ following voiceless sounds in negative forms. You cannot say 4. *Ahal asi lairik mayek chatde. /əhəl əsi lairi:k məyek ʈʃətde/ 5. *Mahak lairik adu lamai amatta kantana pai. /məhak lairi:k ǝədu ləmai ǝəmətəǝ kantənəǝ pai:/ It should be noted that the post-negation phonemes such as /e/ (as in 1a and 1b) and /oi/ (as in 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b) are not part of the negation—they are tense markers. Interestingly, the negative phoneme is also determined by the tense phoneme that follows it. For example, if a voiceless sound ending word is negated with a future tense marker, then the negative /t/ becomes a liquid /l/ as in 2a. Further examples include: katloi /kətloi/ satloi /sǝtloi/ or /satloi/ wasakloi /wasəkloi/ To be continued.
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